How to distinguish the pros and cons of industrial laundry machines
Eating and dressing are two important things in life, and neither is indispensable. In terms of food, our ancestors created a splendid food culture, and a table full of Han and Han people can't compare to any country's feast. Clothing is also dazzling, as can be seen from the ancient exquisite costumes that can be seen today, each piece depicting dragons and phoenixes, and the dragons and phoenixes are auspicious, which can be seen. All it has to do with dressing is washing. In ancient times, only the royal family or the barracks had a laundry factory, but they were mainly manual washing, and mechanical washing was only a stick-and-stick strategy. Li Bai's poem "The Song of Autumn in the Midnight" of the Tang Dynasty said: "Chang'an is a month, and thousands of households are pounding their clothes. The autumn wind can't blow, but it is always a love of jade.
Using a machine to wash quilts is only a matter of a hundred years. my country started late, until the early 1970s, my country developed the first fully automatic industrial washing and dewatering machine, and it has been more than 40 years. Our country wants to go from a washing power to a washing power, which requires the country or industry association to formulate authoritative standards, otherwise our washing equipment going abroad is just empty talk.
1. The safety standard is the first life of the washing machine
What is the standard? A standard is a contract document formulated by a country or industry to ensure the interests of both users and enterprises. Therefore, the standard is the scale and the scale, and the terms of the standard are the laws of the industry, and all those who enter the industry must abide by it. There are many varieties of industrial washing machines on the market today. How to judge their pros and cons? This requires our testing center to test according to the terms of the relevant standards. If the relevant data meets or exceeds the standard, it is a high-quality product, otherwise it is an inferior product. There are many clauses in the standard. For clauses related to safety standards, if the measured value does not meet the standard requirements, it is not allowed to leave the factory for listing. Today, we have not fully achieved this in our industry, especially those that may cause personal safety and equipment damage. We must pay attention to it, and we must intervene by administrative means. Such products are not allowed to go on the market, and those who do not listen to dissuasion, once an accident occurs To investigate the criminal responsibility of corporate legal persons. Otherwise, we cannot establish the right management style of our industry.
2. It is imperative to revise the current washing machine safety standards
First, our current national standards or industry standards have been in existence for many years, and the revision of some clauses should be a top priority. The setting of these standards is only the domestic or international average advanced level, as long as the enterprise unit is not rough and rotten, it can be achieved through hard work.
Second, the formulation of standards, especially the clauses related to safety, cannot be sloppy or relaxed, but it does not have to be too harsh. With the development of washing equipment, its related safety requirements are also different. Such as: automatic washing and dewatering machine, the electrical safety requirements are very high, in which the leakage current of the equipment is a very important indicator. The UL standard of the United States stipulates that the leakage current shall not exceed 5 mA, but the national standard GB17202 of my country stipulates that the leakage current is 3.5 mA. GB17202 is basically a translation of the UL standard, but for some reason, the 5 mA stipulated by the UL standard was changed to 3.8 mA. This change does not matter, but it brings huge trouble to the enterprise. We replaced several imported inverters and installed them on the washing machine, and their leakage currents all exceeded 3.5 mA, which means that they did not meet our national standards, so the products could not leave the factory. Later, I finally found a certain country's inverter and installed it, which met the requirements and improved the safety level for the production of the insulating seat. We believe that the 5 mA prescribed by others has been used for decades and has been proven to be safe and reliable, so we do not necessarily have to reduce the value. It is completely unnecessary to increase the workload and cost of the enterprise.
Third, the insulation resistance of the charged body and the exposed non-charged metal in the washing machine, the electric strength between the charged body and the exposed non-charged metal shall not have flashover or breakdown; grounding protection resistance, short-circuit protection device and overload overheating protection device, etc. All can not be less, must go through a comprehensive safety inspection before the factory can be put on the market. These aspects also need to be fully considered in the revision of the standard.
Fourth, for the tetrachloroethylene dry cleaning machine, in addition to the electrical safety requirements, the leakage of the washing liquid is another safety problem. This issue must be sufficiently recognized and paid attention to by relevant parties. It is known that chlorine gas can be obtained from electrolysis of table salt. Then chlorine and carbon are synthesized into carbon and chlorine compounds. In 1821, Faraday decomposed hexachloroethane to make tetrachloroethylene. Its molecular formula is C2CL4, and the agent has a strong ability to extract oil. Later, Britain, the United States, Germany and other countries used tetrachloroethylene as a dry cleaning solvent. However, tetrachloroethylene is a liquid with certain toxicity. If people work in this high concentration gas for a long time, due to excessive inhalation, the central nervous system will be anesthetized. In mild cases, symptoms such as difficulty breathing, headache, dizziness, vomiting, and fatigue may occur. Severe may cause unconsciousness and death. The bigger sequelae is that it will make people cancerous. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the leakage of washing liquid from the tetrachloroethylene dry cleaning machine. In the standard of QB/T2326-2004, the test clauses of the open type dry cleaning machine are still stipulated. In my opinion, in this standard, the clauses about the open-type dry cleaning machine should be deleted, and the open-type washing machine should be scrapped immediately and shall not be produced.
Fifth, the Beijing local government DB11/501 stipulates that the emission standard of tetrachloroethylene is 20g/kg. That is to say, 20 grams of tetrachloroethylene is allowed per kilogram of laundry. As far as the proportion of single machine is concerned, the emission is not high. However, as far as Beijing is concerned, how many tetrachloroethylene dry cleaning machines are there, so the sum of their emissions is astonishing. Therefore, I think the value of this allowable emission standard is too large and needs to be revised after further scientific demonstration. Washing is to create civilization for the society, we can not damage people's health or even people's life at the expense. The Beijing Municipal Government will abolish the open-type tetrachloroethylene dry cleaning machine below, which is welcome. This is a measure for the benefit of the people, and I hope other cities will act quickly to bring the people back to life.
Sixth, the QB/T2639-2004 standard for petroleum dry cleaning machines should add a clause of 5mA leakage current, and should have fire and riot prevention measures, and the pressure vessel should also meet the requirements of the relevant standards. I especially remind the participating standard drafters to add provisions to limit or eliminate static electricity, because the ignition point of oil is low, and a spark can cause a fire.
In addition, BW series sanitary isolation washing machines are mainly used in sanitary systems, especially infectious disease hospitals. The idea of this machine laundry is to define the laundry room as two independent operating areas, the clean area and the non-clean area. Door removal to prevent cross-contamination of laundry due to loading and unloading from non-clean areas. However, the current test borrows the standard of QB/T2323-24004 "Industrial Washing Machine", which means that the current test standard for this model is still blank. Since it is a double door, the clothes are separated into and out of the machine with dirty and clean clothes, but we have not tested the content of dry coliform bacteria and other germs before washing the clothes, and the condition after washing has not been tested, and there is no means to detect germs. What's the use of opening two doors. So I say that standard revision is a top priority.
3. Participants in the preparation and revision of washing machine standards should be representative
For the units involved in the preparation of the standards, I think in addition to the experts from the testing units, experts, scholars and technical supervisors from relevant colleges and grass-roots enterprises should be invited to participate. Such a team is relatively comprehensive. There are not only theoretical guidance, but also grass-roots practical experience, as well as expert checks. In addition, it should also refer to the UL standard of the United States, the CE standard of the European Union and the international electrotechnical IEC standard, etc., which will make the revision of the standard more scientific and reasonable.
In my opinion, safety standards should be the first criterion for judging the pros and cons of washing machines.
4. Other criteria for judging the pros and cons of machines
In addition to safety standards, other criteria for judging the pros and cons of washing machines are mainly the consumption of three energy, that is, the consumption of water, electricity and steam. It goes without saying that those with low energy consumption are superior, and those with high energy consumption are inferior.
Only when a machine meets the standards in terms of safety and consumption reduction, can it be qualified to discuss the third standard, namely cleanliness. In fact, people in the industry know about it when they look at the machine. For example, the washing and dehydrator produced by some manufacturers, the nameplate indicates that the washing is 100 kg. As long as you measure the diameter of the inner tank carefully, you can know the approximate washing amount through calculation. If the actual washing amount is less than the stated amount, you must use 100 kg How can the clothes be washed clean? Because the principle of washing is to rely on the falling and sliding of the inner liner, how can there be no sufficient space to fall and wash cleanly? Therefore, the above standard stipulates (both national standards and industry standards): the "volume load ratio" should be greater than 10, which means that the washing space for washing 1 kg of dry linen is not less than 10 liters. Of course, to know exactly how clean it is, you have to test it by washing it with a soiled cloth.
Secondly, the vibration status of the machine, the noise decibel (dB value) value, the mechanical strength, stiffness, paint, spraying quality and life, mechanical aesthetics (shape design), cost performance, etc., are also some criteria for comprehensively judging the pros and cons of washing machines. , but they have to be ranked after the safety and low consumption criteria.
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